Yusheng, yee sang or yuu sahng (Chinese: 鱼生), or
Prosperity Toss, also known as lo hei (Cantonese for 撈起 or 捞起) is a
Teochew-style raw fish salad.
It is customary to gather your families and friends to toss
the ingredients while saying auspicious well-wishes out loud to usher in good
luck. Traditionally, Yusheng plays on the homonyms where “yu” 魚 means “fish” but enunciated appropriately, it
also means 馀 “abundance”; and “sheng” 生 means literally “raw” but enunciated
appropriately, it means “life”. Thus Yusheng implies “abundance of wealth and
long life”. In Cantonese it is known as “lo sheng” with “lo” 捞 also meaning “tossing up good fortune”. The tossing action
is called “Lo Hei”, which means to “rise” (起 “hei”),
again a reference to a thriving business and thus its popularity with
businessmen during the New Year. Hence it is believed the higher you toss the
ingredients in the salad, the greater your fortunes will be.
When preparing the dish at the table, auspicious words are
usually spoken (or SHOUTED) as the different items are added in.
Step 1: Everyone at the table offer sincere well-wishes to
everyone.
恭喜发财 (Gong Xi Fa Cai) meaning
“Congratulations for your wealth”
万事如意
(Wan Shi Ru Yi) meaning “May all your wishes be fulfilled”
Step 2: The pomelo or lime is added over fish, adding both luck
and auspicious value.
大吉大利 (Da Ji Da Li) meaning “Good luck and
smooth sailing”
Step 3: Fish, symbolising abundance or excess through the year, is
added.
年年有余 (Nian Nian You Yu) meaning “Abundance
through the year”
Step 4: Pepper & Cinnamon Powder is then dashed over the
ingredients in the hope of attracting more money and valuables.
招财进宝 (Zhao Cai Jin
Bao) meaning “Attract wealth and treasures”
Step 5: Then oil is poured out, circling the ingredients to
increase all profits 10,000 times and encouraging money to flow in from all
directions
本万利 (Yi Ben Wan Li) meaning “Make 10,000
times of profit with your capital”
Step 6: Chopped Peanut bits are dusted on the dish symbolising a
household filled with gold and silver. As an icon of longevity, peanuts also
symbolise eternal youth.
金银满屋 (Jin Yin Man Wu) meaning “Household filled with gold and
silver”
Step 7: Sesame seeds quickly follow symbolising a flourishing
business.
生意兴隆 (Sheng Yi Xing Long) meaning “Prosperity for the business”
Step 8: Deep-fried flour crisps in the shape of golden pillows is
then added with wishes that literally the whole floor would be filled with
gold.
满地黄金 (Man Di Huang Jin) meaning
“Floor full of gold”
Step 9: Plum sauce
Plum Sauce – 甜甜蜜蜜 (Tian Tian Mi
Mi) meaning “May sweetness enters your life”
Step
10: All toss the salad an auspicious 7 times with loud shouts of “lo hei” 捞起 and other auspicious New Year wishes.
Lo hei 捞起 which is Cantonese for “tossing luck”.
The ingredients are mixed by pushing them toward the centre, an
encouragement to push on the good luck of all at the table. If you can’t finish
the salad, don’t worry, as usually a small amount is left behind to signify
abundance.
Step: Carrots are added to the fish indicating blessings of good
luck.
鸿运当头 (Hong Yun Dang Tou) meaning “Good luck
is approaching”
Step: Then the shredded green radish is placed symbolising eternal
youth.
青春常驻
(Qing Chun Chang Zhu) meaning “Forever young”
Step: The shredded white radish – prosperity in business and
promotion at work.
风生水起 (Feng Sheng Shui Qi) meaning “Progress at a fast
pace”, or
步步高升 (Bu Bu Gao Sheng) meaning “Reaching higher level
with each step”
Who invented the Yusheng?
While versions of it are thought to have existed in China, the contemporary
version is created and popularised[citation needed] in the 1960s amongst the
ethnic Chinese community and its consumption has been associated with Chinese
New Year festivities in Malaysia, Indonesia and Singapore. In Malaysia and
Singapore, government, community and business leaders often take the lead in
serving the dish as part of official functions during the festive period or in
private celebrity dinners.
So according to wikipedia the Origin of Yusheng was said to be
originated from Guangzhou when the fishermen along the coast of Guangzhou
traditionally celebrated Renri, the seventh day of the Chinese New Year, by
feasting on their catches. The practice of eating raw fish in thinly sliced
strips can be traced back to ancient China through the raw fish or meat dish
known as kuai (膾,
kuài). This made me wonder the idea of eating Sashimi came from China too?
However the present form of yusheng is believed to have started in
Chaozhou and Shantou as far back as the Southern Song Dynasty[citation needed].
Have you heard of the legend behind
Yusheng?
Written in wikipedia , it was believed that in south China, a young man
and his girlfriend found themselves stranded by bad weather at a temple with
nothing to eat but they managed to catch a carp. Chancing upon a bottle of
vinegar, they added this to the stripped carp and found it quite appetising. In
Malaya’s colonial past, migrants imported this tradition; porridge stalls sold
a raw fish dish which is believed to have originated in Jiangmen, Guangdong province
that consisted of fish, turnip and carrot strips, which was served with
condiments of oil, vinegar and sugar that were mixed in by customers.
Modern Yusheng was created by “Four
Heavenly Culinary Kings” of Singapore
Eating Yu Sheng during Chinese New Year is a cultural activity for
Chinese living in Singapore and Malaysia, but not so much in other
Chinese-populated countries such as Hong Kong, where the practice is almost
unheard of. According to wikipedia, this may be due to the origins of the dish,
which was created by 4 master chefs in a Singapore restaurant kitchen way back
in 1964, then still part of the Federation of Malaya. It made its debut during
Lunar New Year of 1964 in Singapore’s Lai Wah Restaurant (Established in Sept.
1963). The 4 master chefs were Than Mui
Kai (Tham Yu Kai, co-head chef of Lai Wah Restaurant), Lau Yoke Pui (co-head
chef of Lai Wah Restaurant), Hooi Kok Wai (Founder of Dragon-Phoenix
Restaurant) and Sin Leong (Founder of Sin Leong Restaurant) who, together
created that as a symbol of prosperity and good health amongst the Chinese .
All four Chefs were named as the “Four Heavenly Culinary Kings” of Singapore
some 40 years ago for their culinary prowess and ingenuity.
In 1970s, Lai Wah Restaurant started
the modern-day method of serving Yu Sheng with a pre-mixed special sauce
comprising plum sauce, rice vinegar, kumquat paste and sesame oil — instead of
customers mixing inconsistently-concocted sauce.